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Introduction

Hot teether filling technology has experienced: hot teether lateral pressure filling technology, hot teether vertical pressure filling, high temperature thermoplastic teether injection filling, continuous wave filling, solid carrier filling, mechanical hot pressing filling, ultrasonic vibration hot teeth The evolution and development of glue filling and other methods. At present, the most commonly used clinical practice is hot tooth glue continuous wave filling combined with high temperature thermoplastic tooth glue injection filling technology. This article will describe a variety of hot teether filling technologies that have emerged in recent years.

Hot teether lateral pressure filling technology

1. The lateral condensation technique of warm gutta-percha, which is an extension of the cold tooth gel lateral compression technique, mainly uses a heat carrier to press the gum tips to soften the main and auxiliary tips. Fusion into a homogenous dental gum mass. This technology uses pressure to melt the teether tip into one body, which increases the filling amount of the teether, so the filling is more compact. This method improves the shortcomings of the cold tooth gel lateral compression method that it is difficult to form a uniform dental gum mass, easy to appear voids, and poor root canal adaptability. At the same time, the lateral pressure is required to reduce the pressure and avoid excessive force The root of the tooth is caused to fold longitudinally. However, this technique increases the possibility of displacement of the main teeth and the clinical operation is inconvenient, so it is not widely used.

2. Core-filling

The representative of the solid core carrier technique is Thermafil technology, which was invented by Johnson in 1978 and applied to the clinic ten years later. Thermafil filling is a special type of dental gum tip. It consists of a hard and elastic plastic core and a dental gum that surrounds it. The plastic core is the carrier of the dental gum. Its size and taper are the same as those of a standard root canal file. Agree. When using Thermafil filling technology, the Thermafil filling body that is consistent with the main file is placed in a Thermafil heating furnace for thermoplastic molding. After the thermoplastic molding is completed, it is removed, inserted into the preformed root canal, and the extra stem is removed 2mm above the root canal opening. Complete filling. Compared with the cold tooth gel lateral pressure filling technique, which requires multiple lateral pressure compressions to add the auxiliary tip after inserting the main teeth, the Thermafil can be described as a fast and simple root canal filling technique. Thermafil has the advantages of simple operation, one-time shaping, good adaptability to the root canal wall, and high success rate of clinical X-ray evaluation. For regular round-shaped root canals, straighter root canals are more suitable, but it also has unavoidable defects. It is not suitable for irregular, deformed or curved root canals. For oval-shaped root canals, additional sides are required. Pressure filling. In addition, due to the presence of the carbon rod core, it is difficult to remove during retreatment. Tooth roots that require post crown restoration should not be used, so as to avoid loosening the root filling during pile preparation, which will cause root canal filling failure.

3.Mechanical hot-press filling technology

In 1979, McSpadden introduced the thermomechanical compaction technology. The basic working principle is to insert a filling needle mounted on a mobile phone into the root canal. High-speed rotation generates heat to soften the gum and have fluidity. At the same time, by using its rotational movement, the gum is pushed toward the apex to fill the root canal, and then the speed is slowly exited, and the filling can be completed in a few seconds. Although this technology has the advantages of quick and easy operation, because this method is not suitable for filling small curved root canals and easily breaks the instrument, overfilling often occurs, and the technology has the risk of thermal damage, so the process of continuous improvement in.

4.Ultrasonic Vibration Hot Teether Filling Technology

Ultrasonic vibration in warm gutta-percha is based on cold tooth gel lateral pressure technology, using specific ultrasonic lateral pressure equipment to soften teeth by converting ultrasonic energy into thermal energy The glue tip makes the gums in the root canal form a uniform mass, so a better root canal filling effect can be obtained. At present, this technology is rarely used in clinical practice.

5.Hot teether vertical pressure filling technology

The vertical condensation technique of warm gutta-percha is mainly used to soften the dental gums in the root canal with an electric hot tip, and then use a vertical pressure device to vertically press the thermoplastic dental gums to complete the root canal filling. . In the early days, because this technology was intermittent heating filling, it was also called discontinuous wave vertical pressure filling technology or warm sectional compaction.

In 1994, Buchanan proposed an improved thermal vertical compression technique called continuous wave hot tooth gum root canal filling technique (continuous wave technique), which is the most widely used apical 1/3 hot tooth gum filling method in recent years. Its basic working principle is to choose a suitable main teether tip to place in the root canal, accurately close the root tip, and then continuously heat and press the crown and roots through the heating device to use the filling produced by the hot teether flow effect Wave completes the filling of the root canal 1/3 at a time; compared with cold tooth gel lateral compression, it can more effectively fill closed roots, auxiliary root canals, and complex root canals with multiple apical holes. In vitro studies have shown that continuous wave fillings are more dense than conventional cold tooth fillings.

6.Thermoplastic teether injection filling technology

In 1977, Yee et al. Reported the technology of injecting heat-softened dental gum into the root canal. After continuous development and improvement, high-temperature thermoplastic dental gum injection filling technology (HTTI) and low-temperature thermoplastic dental gum injection filling were produced. Technology (LTTI), the representative of HTTI technology is Obtura II, and the representative of LTTI technology is Ultralfil. The basic working principle is to heat and soften the α-phase (low-temperature method) and β-phase (high-temperature method) dental gums into the root canal. Under the pressure of injection, the dental gums flow in the direction of the apex and laterally. The root canal is more closed, and a dense and uniform whole is produced after filling, and the volume is stable. Because overfilling is one of the shortcomings of thermoplastic dental gum injection filling technology, at present, more vertical tooth compression technology is used to establish a apical barrier to prevent overfilling, and then injection filling is used. Injectable hot teether is widely used in clinical practice due to its convenient operation and high adhesion to the root canal.

Continuous wave technology combined with high-temperature thermoplastic dental gum injection filling technology is currently the most popular hot dental filling technology in clinical practice. Studies have shown that the root canal sealing effect of this technique is significantly better than that of the cold tooth gel lateral pressure filling technique, which can effectively avoid overfilling and improve the filling rate. With the continuous application of continuous wave filling technology, the corresponding supporting equipment is also constantly updated. E & Qplus, BeeFill 2in1, Elements Obturation unit, BL and other hot tooth gum root canal filling systems have combined hot tooth gum continuous wave vertical pressure root canal closure and thermoplastic tooth gum injection filling into a multifunctional root canal filling system. With a temperature indicator, it can accurately regulate the temperature, and the clinical operation is safe, convenient and efficient, so it is generally welcomed in the clinic.